Penny Tweedie -1975 Images: A visual guide

This page provides a guide to all images taken in East Timor by professional photographer Penny Tweedie in September 1975.

Each image is a contact print of one roll of original black and white negative film. The roll numbers were assigned by Penny Tweedie.

The associated text for each film roll was created by CHART as a rough guide to the imagery in each contact sheet. We will add more specific information as time permits and as you, the reader, help us identify people and places in the images.

Click on images to view the content.

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FILM ROLL 01

Refugees, evacuees at Darwin harbour, August/September 1975; individuals and group portraits (unidentified).

 

 

FILM ROLL 02

Refugees, evacuees at Darwin harbour, August/September 1975; Jose Ramos-Horta and unidentified individuals and groups.

 

 

FILM ROLL 03

Refugees, evacuees at Darwin harbour, August/September 1975; individuals and group portraits (unidentified).

 

 

FILM ROLL 04

Refugees, evacuees at Darwin harbour, August/September 1975; ship-board scenes; Jose Ramos-Horta and unidentified individuals and groups.

 

 

FILM ROLL 05

Evacuees, refugees, August 1975. Mainly children. In large space with many temporary beds. Location uncertain.

Evacuees, refugees, August 1975. Mainly children. In large space with many temporary beds. Location uncertain.

 

FILM ROLL 06

Evacuees, refugees. August 1975. Individual and small-group portraits. Location uncertain.

Includes Joao Martires (Frame 3), Alfredo Silva (13), Jose Pires & Alfredo Silva (29).

Evacuees, refugees. August 1975. Individual and small-group portraits. Location uncertain.

 

FILM ROLL 07

Evacuees, refugees on Panama-registered vessel, Macdili. Unidentified individual and small group portraits. Unidentified (Australian?) naval vessels.

 

FILM ROLL 08

Evacuees, refugees, August 1975. Unidentified individual and small-group portraits. Location uncertain.

 

 

FILM ROLL 09

Evacuees, refugees, August 1975. Includes medical cases, scenes.

Evacuees, refugees, August 1975. Includes medical cases, scenes.

 

 

FILM ROLL 10

Scenes of destruction in Dili, September 1975. Portraits of mothers and children.

Scenes of destruction in Dili, September 1975. Portraits of mothers and children.

 

 

 

FILM ROLL 11

Elderly people, mothers and children. First aid medical facility in Dili? Images of Clive Scollay with movie camera.

 

 

FILM ROLL 12

Mothers and children, Dili, September 1975. At refuge or medical aid point?

Mothers and children, Dili, September 1975. At refuge or medical aid point?

 

FILM ROLL 13

Falintil soldiers; Xavier do Amaral; detainees? Captured indonesian soldier Corporal Weli.

Falintil soldiers; Xavier do Amaral; detainees? Captured indonesian soldier Corporal Weli.

 

FILM ROLL 14

Falintil soldiers; Dili scenes; prisoners (UDT members?); hospital / medical scenes.

Prisoners include: Lucio Encarnaçao, Amadeu Coelho, Jaime Pereira (Frame 10); Fernando Fialho (13).

 

FILM ROLL 15

Falintil soldiers; armed forces drills; Xavier do Amaral; prisoners.

Prisoners include: Jose Godinho (Frame 12).

 

 

FILM ROLL 16

Falintil soldiers; Xavier do Amaral; unidentified groups of people; prisoners in Aileu (?).

 

 

 

FILM ROLL 17

Fretilin / Falintil soldiers; prisoners in truck; groups of people, children in unidentified town (Aileu?).

 

 

 

FILM ROLL 18

Fretilin / Falintil members including Jose Ramos-Horta, ‘Goinxet’ Bonaparte. Clear images of Falintil forces on parade.

 

 

 

FILM ROLL 19

Senior Fretilin members including Xavier do Amaral relaxing with others. Prisoners in building and courtyard. Horta, Alarico Fernandes, Xavier do Amaral meeting(?) with unidentified European (?).

 

 

FILM ROLL 20

Fretilin central committee members inside and outside building: Jose Ramos-Horta displaying (captured?) weapon; Rogerio Lobato talking/pointing to wall-map. Others photographed include Alarico Fernandes, Xavier do Amaral, Nicolau Lobato.

 

FILM ROLL 21

Falintil troops on patrol. Probably in western border area near Balibo & Batugade. Individual portraits including Jose Ramos-Horta.

 

 

 

FILM ROLL 22

Scenes from Dili. Includes hospital/medical images and Red Cross personnel. Also images of unidentified male with documents and the Australian resident hotel-owner Frank Favaro, later revealed to be an agent of the Australian overseas intelligence agency, ASIS.

 

FILM ROLL 23

Fretilin-held prisoners; images of traditionally armed fighters – some with Australian cameraman, Clive Scollay; groups of East Timorese and some Falintil members in unidentified town.

Prisoners include: Maggiolo Gouveia (Frame 12).

 

FILM ROLL 24

Falintil troops in groups and on parade – some including Jose Ramos-Horta.

 

 

 

FILM ROLL 25

Groups of women, children and catholic nuns – maybe medical or aid point; prisoners, including Portuguese(?) nationals; Fretilin leadership members including Alarico Fernandes.

Prisoners include: Jose Osorio Soares (Frames 17, 24), Jose Araujo (17), Abel Belo (24).

 

FILM ROLL 26

Falintil troops on patrol in unidentified countryside area, Jose Ramos-Horta accompanying.

 

 

 

FILM ROLL 27

Falintil troops on patrol in unidentified countryside area; images of East Timorese civilians walking in groups carrying possessions (displaced persons or refugees?).

 

 

FILM ROLL 28

Falintil forces in unidentified countryside area. Includes many images of local population.

 

 

 

FILM ROLL 29

Falintil forces in unidentified countryside area. Includes many photos of civilians, mostly adult males (some detainees?). Also includes images of unidentified European journalist/photographer.

 

 

FILM ROLL 30

Falintil forces in unidentified countryside area and town – probably Balibo. Troops on patrol and at leisure.

 

 

 

FILM ROLL 31

Large gathering of population, probably political rally but no banners etc. Mainly crowd shots but with some individual portraits in crowd. Maybe be related to images in Film Roll 38 below(?).

 

 

FILM ROLL 32

Groups of people and individuals – probably UDT-supporting prisoners/detainees.

Prisoners include: Maggiolo Gouvea (Frame 22) and captured Indonesian soldier, corporal Weli.

 

 

FILM ROLL 33

Falintil forces patrol in unidentified countryside area. Includes Jose Ramos-Horta

 

 

 

FILM ROLL 34

Uniformed Falintil troops; Xavier do Amaral in uniform; net-fishing in Dili harbour; unidentified Fretilin/Falintil member portrait; very young armed soldiers in training; Jose Ramos-Horta with Falintil troops.

 

 

FILM ROLL 35

Falintil forces patrol in unidentified countryside area. Includes Jose Ramos-Horta.

 

 

 

FILM ROLL 36

Falintil forces patrol in unidentified countryside area. Includes Jose Ramos-Horta addressing a soldier assembly. Also includes groups of civilian men and children in traditional daily garb.

 

 

FILM ROLL 37

Xavier do Amaral meeting unidentified European; Fretilin office scenes, including Alarico Fernandes; group of children with clenched fist salute; hospital scenes (wounded men?); prisoners behind wire fence.

 

 

FILM ROLL 38

Falintil forces patrol in unidentified countryside area and town. Includes Jose Ramos-Horta. Final frames of sheet show large crowd greeting Falintil vehicle arriving and then outside a building. Maybe related to gathering in Film Roll 31 above(?).

 

 

FILM ROLL 39

Large crowd in celebratory mood with traditional music and ornaments but no flags, banners (maybe related to crowd pictured in Rolls 31, 38 above?). Groups of East Timorese in unidentified countryside area. Fretilin leadership group members in meeting.

 

FILM ROLL 40

Falintil forces in unidentified town. Mainly images of large gathering of people (maybe related to images in Film Rolls 31, 38, 39?). Pictures of Jose Ramos-Horta and others addressing the crowd.

 

 

FILM ROLL 41

Falintil patrol group in unidentified countryside area and town. Includes images of shirtless Jose Ramos-Horta and images of civilian group carrying personal possessions (refugees?).

 

 

FILM ROLL 42-43

Roll 42: Fretilin leadership members in meeting; prisoners behind barred window. Prisoners include Jose Osorio Soares (Frame 19).

Roll 43: Fretilin leadership group(?); includes Alarico Fernandes.

 

 

Return to introductory article on Penny Tweedie images.

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Credits: Many thanks to:

Ben Tweedie for permission to publish this visual guide to Penny’s historical images.

Domingos Oliviera for assistance in identifying some of the Fretilin-held prisoners pictured.